103.28.54.178
103.28.54.178 is an IPv4 address operated by IRT-VC-AP (AS32590), geolocated to Kwai Chung, Singapore. Its reverse DNS name is 103-28-54-178.valve.net. As of October 25, 2026, IPDebrief rates it Low Risk (0/100); no anonymizing service was detected.
🏢 Ownership & Registration
| Organization | IRT-VC-AP |
| ASN | AS32590 |
| Network Name | VC-AP |
| CIDR Block | 103.28.54.0/23 |
| RIR | APNIC |
| Country | SG |
| Abuse Contact | Available via RDAP |
🌐 DNS Intelligence
| PTR | 103-28-54-178.valve.net |
| Forward Confirmed | No — PTR hostname does not resolve back to this IP (weak signal) |
| Forward Hostnames | 103-28-54-178.valve.net |
🔐 DNS Hygiene
| Hygiene Score | 60% (Good) |
| SPF | Present |
| DMARC | Present |
| FCrDNS | Not verified |
| DNSSEC | Not signed |
| CAA | Present |
☁️ Network Classification
| Infrastructure | Unknown |
| Service Purpose | Web Server |
| Network Tier | Unknown — Insufficient routing data to classify |
🔌 Services & Open Ports
| Port | Service | Protocol | Banner |
|---|---|---|---|
| 80 | http | tcp | — |
| 443 | https | tcp | — |
| Closed Ports | 22, 25, 3389, 8080, 8443 (2 open / 7 scanned) | ||
| Server | — |
| HTTP Title | — |
🔐 TLS Certificate
| SANs | None |
| Valid From | — |
| Valid Until | — |
🛡️ Public Network Snapshot
| Origin ASN | AS32590 |
| Network Prefix | 103.28.54.0/24 |
| Route mapping | Found |
🎯 Confidence Breakdown
Per-dimension confidence scores based on source diversity and data freshness
| Dimension | Score | Sources | Observations |
|---|---|---|---|
| threat | 35% | 2 | 2 |
| routing | 25% | 1 | 1 |
| services | 25% | 1 | 1 |
| ownership | 25% | 1 | 2 |
| reputation | 25% | 1 | 1 |
| geolocation | 25% | 1 | 1 |
| Overall | 26% | 7 | 8 |
| Data Coherence | Consistent (100%) |
| Attribution | Moderate (50%) |
| OwnershipFCrDNSGeo ConsensusGeo PlausibleIRR MatchRPKI Valid |
📅 Observation Timeline 🔄 Live
| First Seen | 2026-10-22 10:06:40 UTC |
| Last Seen | 2026-10-22 10:06:40 UTC |
| Profile Built | 2026-10-25 10:17:12 UTC |
| Data Freshness | Live |
| Signal Types | 23 |
| Total Observations | 24 |
Full dossier details are available via our API.
❓ Frequently Asked Questions About 103.28.54.178
Who owns the IP address 103.28.54.178?
103.28.54.178 is registered to IRT-VC-AP. The address falls within the 103.28.54.0/23 network block. Registration is held at APNIC.
Where is 103.28.54.178 located?
Geolocation data places 103.28.54.178 in Kwai Chung, Kwai Tsing District, Singapore. The local time zone is Asia/Singapore. IP geolocation is approximate and indicates the network's registered or routed location rather than a precise physical address.
Is 103.28.54.178 malicious or safe?
103.28.54.178 currently carries a low risk assessment, meaning no significant threat indicators have been observed. This assessment is generated from continuously collected signals and can change over time.
What is the hostname for 103.28.54.178?
The reverse DNS (PTR) record for 103.28.54.178 is 103-28-54-178.valve.net. This hostname is not forward-confirmed, so it should be treated as a weak signal.
What ports are open on 103.28.54.178?
Responsive ports observed on 103.28.54.178 include 80, 443. Port visibility reflects the most recent scan and may change as the host's configuration or firewall rules change.