104.28.158.121 is an IPv4 address operated by Cloudflare, Inc. (AS13335), geolocated to Amsterdam, Netherlands. It belongs to datacenter or hosting infrastructure. As of August 29, 2026, IPDebrief rates it Low Risk (0/100); no anonymizing service was detected.
# IP Intelligence Briefing: 104.28.158.121/32
Classification: CDN Infrastructure / Low Risk
Date of Analysis: 2026-07-24
## Executive Summary
Intellectual analysis of 104.28.158.121/32 confirms classification as Cloudflare CDN infrastructure with low-risk operational characteristics. The IP addresses to AS13335 (CLOUDFLARENET) and operates within the 104.16.0.0/12 CIDR block. No active threat indicators, blacklist entries, or malicious campaign associations detected.
## Infrastructure Profile
- Organization: Cloudflare, Inc.
- ASN: 13335 (CLOUDFLARENET)
- Geolocation: Amsterdam, North Holland, US
- Infrastructure Type: Content Delivery Network (CDN)
- Network Role: CDN with firewall protection; no open services detected
- Risk Score: 0
- Provider/Authority Scores: 0 (neutral classification)
## Threat Indicators Assessment
- Blacklist Status: Zero listings across all threat feeds
- Malicious Indicators: No known attacker, spam source, or Tor exit point associations
- Campaign Affiliations: No correlated campaigns or certificate matches
- Threat Persistence: Zero observation days; not persistently malicious
- Control Plane: Route stability flagged as false; RPKI and IRR states not validated
## Neighborhood Context (104.28.158.0/24)
The /24 subnet demonstrates mixed risk distribution typical of CDN infrastructure:
- Total Siblings: 41 IPs
- Abuse Density: 0.0976 (low-moderate)
- Subnet Classification: Mostly clean
- Risk Distribution: 3 high-risk, 25 medium-risk, 6 low-risk neighbors
- Active Threat Siblings: 4 IPs flagged for suspicious activity
Notable neighbor IPs with elevated risk scores include 104.28.158.14, 104.28.158.123, and 104.28.158.228 (all scoring 80). The majority of neighbors maintain authority scores of 85, indicating consistent infrastructure management.
## Historical Observations
Fourteen signal observations recorded between 2026-07-24:
- Geolocation signals consistently resolved to US region with confidence ranging 0.35–0.85
- Network classification confirmed CDN status across multiple observations
- Abuse density signals maintained consistent "mostly_clean" classification
- No ownership changes or threat persistence events detected
- DNS and service signals show no forward resolution or open port activity
## Operational Recommendations
1. Allow Traffic: No blocking recommended for inbound CDN traffic on this IP
2. Monitoring: Standard CDN traffic patterns; monitor for unusual outbound connections
3. Rule Configuration: No firewall rules required; standard Cloudflare IP reputation handling applies
4. Context: Traffic from this IP represents legitimate CDN infrastructure, not malicious activity
Analyst Note: This IP is part of Cloudflare's global CDN network. Traffic patterns should be evaluated against expected CDN behavior rather than treated as potential threats. The subnet's abuse density of 0.075 is within normal ranges for CDN infrastructure.
This summary was generated by AI and may contain inaccuracies. Verify critical details independently.
🏢 Ownership & Registration
| Organization | Cloudflare, Inc. |
| ASN | AS13335 |
| Network Name | CLOUDFLARENET |
| CIDR Block | 104.16.0.0/12 |
| RIR | ARIN |
| Country | United States |
| Abuse Contact | Available via RDAP |
🌐 DNS Intelligence
| PTR Record | No PTR |
| Forward Confirmed | No — PTR hostname does not resolve back to this IP (weak signal) |
🔐 DNS Hygiene
| Hygiene Score | 20% (Poor) |
| SPF | Not configured |
| DMARC | Not configured |
| FCrDNS | Not verified |
| DNSSEC | Valid |
| CAA | Not configured |
☁️ Network Classification
| Infrastructure | Infrastructure / Datacenter |
| Service Purpose | Firewalled / No Services |
| Network Tier | Hosting — Infrastructure provider without advanced routing |
🔌 Services & Open Ports
| Port | Service | Protocol | Banner |
|---|---|---|---|
| No open ports detected | |||
| Closed Ports | 22, 25, 80, 443, 3389, 8080, 8443 (0 open / 7 scanned) | ||
| Server | — |
| HTTP Title | — |
🔐 TLS Certificate
| SANs | None |
| Valid From | — |
| Valid Until | — |
🛡️ Public Network Snapshot
| Origin ASN | AS13335 |
| Network Prefix | 104.28.158.0/24 |
| Route mapping | Found |
🎯 Confidence Breakdown
Per-dimension confidence scores based on source diversity and data freshness
| Dimension | Score | Sources | Observations |
|---|---|---|---|
| threat | 0% | 0 | 0 |
| routing | 0% | 0 | 0 |
| services | 0% | 0 | 0 |
| ownership | 25% | 1 | 2 |
| reputation | 0% | 0 | 0 |
| geolocation | 25% | 1 | 1 |
| Overall | 8% | 2 | 3 |
| Data Coherence | Consistent (100%) |
| Attribution | Moderate (50%) |
| OwnershipFCrDNSGeo ConsensusGeo PlausibleIRR MatchRPKI Valid |
📅 Observation Timeline 🔄 Live
| First Seen | 2026-07-07 12:34:25 UTC |
| Last Seen | 2026-10-06 10:51:59 UTC |
| Profile Built | 2026-08-29 06:32:53 UTC |
| Data Freshness | Live |
| Signal Types | 16 |
| Total Observations | 17 |
Full dossier details are available via our API.
❓ Frequently Asked Questions About 104.28.158.121
Who owns the IP address 104.28.158.121?
104.28.158.121 is registered to Cloudflare, Inc.. The address falls within the 104.16.0.0/12 network block. Registration is held at ARIN.
Where is 104.28.158.121 located?
Geolocation data places 104.28.158.121 in Amsterdam, North Holland, Netherlands. IP geolocation is approximate and indicates the network's registered or routed location rather than a precise physical address.
Is 104.28.158.121 malicious or safe?
104.28.158.121 currently carries a low risk assessment, meaning no significant threat indicators have been observed. This assessment is generated from continuously collected signals and can change over time.
Is 104.28.158.121 a VPN, proxy, or data center address?
104.28.158.121 is classified as a content delivery network based on network ownership and behavioural analysis.