104.28.159.148 is an IPv4 address operated by Cloudflare, Inc. (AS13335), geolocated to New York, United States. It belongs to datacenter or hosting infrastructure. As of October 7, 2026, IPDebrief rates it Low Risk (25/100); no anonymizing service was detected.
# IP Intelligence Briefing: 104.28.159.148/32
## Executive Summary
IP address 104.28.159.148 is a Cloudflare CDN infrastructure endpoint with a low-risk profile (Risk Score: 25/100). The IP belongs to Cloudflare's CLOUDFLARENET network (ASN 13335) and presents as a firewalled endpoint with no active services. No active threat indicators were detected during analysis.
## Ownership and Network Classification
- Organization: Cloudflare, Inc.
- ASN: 13335
- Network Block: 104.16.0.0/12 (CLOUDFLARENET)
- BGP Prefix: 104.28.159.0/24
- Classification: CDN/Infrastructure
- Geolocation: United States (New York region per MaxMind; conflicting geolocation data from Cymru indicates Kansas at 39.83°N, 98.58°W)
- DNSSEC: Valid
## Threat Indicators Assessment
- Risk Score: 25 (Low Risk)
- Abuse Confidence Score: Not applicable
- Blacklist Status: Listed on 1 of 8 DNSBL lists
- Tor Exit Node: No
- Known Attacker: No
- Spam Source: No
- Active Threat Campaigns: None detected
## Neighborhood Analysis (104.28.159.0/24)
- Total Siblings: 49
- Active Siblings: 30
- Threat Siblings: 6 (12.24% abuse density)
- Subnet Classification: Mostly Clean
- Inherited Risk Score: 4
- Risk Distribution: High (0), Medium (17), Low (26)
Notable neighboring IPs with elevated risk scores include:
- 104.28.159.4: Risk 70, Authority 85
- 104.28.159.8: Risk 50, Authority 50
## Service Status
- Open Ports: None detected
- HTTP/HTTPS Services: None active
- TLS Certificates: None
- Status: Firewalled / No Services
## Historical Observation (Last 16 Signals)
Analysis covers 16 observations with most recent activity on 2026-07-27. Key temporal indicators:
- Threat Observation Count: 1
- Threat Persistence Days: 0
- Ownership Changes: 0
- Persistent Malicious Activity: Not observed
## Control Plane Data
- Route Stability: False
- Route Changes (30d): 0
- MoAS: No
- RPKI State: Not available
- IRR Consistency: Not available
- DNSBL Listed: 1 of 8 lists
## Security Actions
No specific firewall or blocking rules are recommended based on current risk profile. The IP represents legitimate CDN infrastructure with minimal threat exposure.
## Intelligence Narrative
104.28.159.148 is an inactive Cloudflare CDN endpoint with no open services or active connections. The IP is part of a subnet containing 6 known threat-adjacent addresses but maintains a low inherited risk score. While the IP itself shows no malicious behavior, analysts should note the presence of 1 DNSBL listing and 12.24% subnet abuse density. No blocking action is required; standard CDN egress filtering applies.
## Recommendation
Monitor – No immediate action required. The IP represents legitimate infrastructure. Continue standard monitoring for any behavioral changes that may indicate infrastructure compromise.
This summary was generated by AI and may contain inaccuracies. Verify critical details independently.
🏢 Ownership & Registration
| Organization | Cloudflare, Inc. |
| ASN | AS13335 |
| Network Name | CLOUDFLARENET |
| CIDR Block | 104.16.0.0/12 |
| RIR | ARIN |
| Country | United States |
| Abuse Contact | Available via RDAP |
🌐 DNS Intelligence
| PTR Record | No PTR |
| Forward Confirmed | No — PTR hostname does not resolve back to this IP (weak signal) |
🔐 DNS Hygiene
| Hygiene Score | 0% (None) |
| SPF | Not configured |
| DMARC | Not configured |
| FCrDNS | Not verified |
| DNSSEC | Not signed |
| CAA | Not configured |
☁️ Network Classification
| Infrastructure | Infrastructure / Datacenter |
| Service Purpose | Firewalled / No Services |
| Network Tier | Hosting — Infrastructure provider without advanced routing |
🔌 Services & Open Ports
| Port | Service | Protocol | Banner |
|---|---|---|---|
| No open ports detected | |||
| Closed Ports | 22, 25, 80, 443, 3389, 8080, 8443 (0 open / 7 scanned) | ||
| Server | — |
| HTTP Title | — |
🔐 TLS Certificate
| SANs | None |
| Valid From | — |
| Valid Until | — |
🛡️ Public Network Snapshot
| Origin ASN | AS13335 |
| Network Prefix | 104.28.159.0/24 |
| Route mapping | Found |
🎯 Confidence Breakdown
Per-dimension confidence scores based on source diversity and data freshness
| Dimension | Score | Sources | Observations |
|---|---|---|---|
| threat | 26% | 2 | 5 |
| routing | 8% | 1 | 1 |
| services | 12% | 2 | 2 |
| ownership | 17% | 2 | 3 |
| reputation | 14% | 1 | 3 |
| geolocation | 17% | 2 | 3 |
| Overall | 16% | 10 | 17 |
| Data Coherence | Consistent (100%) |
| Attribution | Moderate (50%) |
| OwnershipFCrDNSGeo ConsensusGeo PlausibleIRR MatchRPKI Valid |
📅 Observation Timeline 🔄 Live
| First Seen | 2026-07-15 10:08:13 UTC |
| Last Seen | 2026-10-07 19:18:13 UTC |
| Profile Built | 2026-10-07 19:28:33 UTC |
| Data Freshness | Live |
| Signal Types | 19 |
| Total Observations | 21 |
Full dossier details are available via our API.
❓ Frequently Asked Questions About 104.28.159.148
Who owns the IP address 104.28.159.148?
104.28.159.148 is registered to Cloudflare, Inc.. The address falls within the 104.16.0.0/12 network block. Registration is held at ARIN.
Where is 104.28.159.148 located?
Geolocation data places 104.28.159.148 in New York, New York, United States. IP geolocation is approximate and indicates the network's registered or routed location rather than a precise physical address.
Is 104.28.159.148 malicious or safe?
104.28.159.148 currently carries a low risk assessment, meaning no significant threat indicators have been observed. This assessment is generated from continuously collected signals and can change over time.
Is 104.28.159.148 a VPN, proxy, or data center address?
104.28.159.148 is classified as a content delivery network based on network ownership and behavioural analysis.